Footnotes

1. Deut. 5, 23; Matt. 26, 63.
   
    
2. John 16, 6; 11, 25.
   
    
3. John 3, 15; 5, 24 f.
   
    
4. Rom. 2, 7; 1; John 3, 14.
   
    
5. Rom. 6, 4; John 6, 27, 32, 50, 58.
   
    
6. Rom. 6, 1 ff.
   
    
7. Matt. 2, 20; 10, 28; 10, 39; John 10, 11.
   
    
8. 1 Cor. 15, 45; Rom. 13, 1.
   
    
9. 1 Pet. 2, 11.
   
    
10. Matt. 16, 16.
    
     
11. Matt. 27, 50; Appoc. 11, 11.
    
     
12. Heb. 15, 23.
    
     
13. Rom. 8, 4-13.
    
     
14. 1 Cor. 6, 16.
    
     
15. 1 Cor. 6, 17.
    
     
16. Symbolum Concilii Toletani (400 C.E.): "Animam autem hominis non divinam esse substantiam, aut Dei partem, sed creaturam ..." (D 20) Concilium Bracarense II (561 C.E.): "Si quis animas humanas vel angelos ex Dei credit substantia existitisse, sicut Manichaeus et Priscilliani dixerunt. A.S." (D 242)
    
     
17. Concilium Bracarense II: "Si quis plasmationem humani corporis diaboli dicit esse figmentum, et conceptiones in uteris matrum operibus dicit daemonum figurari, propter quod et resurrectionem carnis non credit, sicut Manichaeus et Priscillianus A.S."
    
     
18. D 242f.
    
     
19. ibid.
    
     
20. ibid. D 236f 20. "Si quis animas humanas dicit prius in coelesti habitatione peccasse et pro hoc in corpora humana in terra deiectas...A.S."
    
     
21. Justinian Liber adversus Originem A.D. 543 (D. 203).
    
     
22. The so-called "Thetnopsychists" believed in a temporal death of both soul and body.
    
     
23. De Anima 1 ad 1,2 ad 14. De Anima was written about 1260. English translation: The Soul by J. P. Rowan, St. Louis 1951.
    
     
24. Summa theologica II-II, 25, 3.
    
     
25. Summa theologica I, 85, 7: "Because some people have more finely tempered bodies their souls have greater strength of understanding." Cf. De spiritualibus creaturis, 4.
    
     
26. Summa theologica I, 76, 2.
    
     
27. One of the most central and fruitful teachings of Aristotle's is the idea that the soul is "the form of the body". I.e. The soul is the principle of existence of the body: if there were no soul, there would not be a body. The individual nature of the body depends on the individual nature of the soul, and vice versa. This understanding has been incorporated into the official doctrine of the church. The 5th Lateran-Council (1512-17) defines: the soul is "Vere et essentialiter humani corporis forma...et immortalis et pro corporum, quibus infunditur, multitudine singulariter multiplicabilis, et multiplicata, at multiplicanda sit".
    
     
28. De Anima 14.
    
     
29. All page references are to Martin Buber, Ekstatische Konfessionen, Diederichs: Jena, 1909. All translations are my own.
    
     
30. All quotes are my translations from the original German in M. Schmaus, Katholische Dogmatik, Vol. IV, part 2: "Von den letzten Dingen," 5th edition, Mhnchen: Max Hueber Verlag, 1959, pp. 301-15. .

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