References

Basham, A.L. (1982). Quoted in Who Are They magazine. Los Angeles: The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust.

Basham (?) The Sacred Cow

Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada, A.C. (?) The Science of Self Realisation, The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust.

Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada, A.C. (1982) Srimad Bhagavatam, Singapore: The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust.

Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada, A.C. (1970). Sri Isopanisad. Los Angeles: The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust.

Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada, A.C. (1990) Message of Godhead. Los Angeles: The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust.

Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada, A.C. (1953) The Bhagavad-gita As It Is. Los Angeles: The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust.

Cole, W. Owen with Morgan, Peggy (1984) Six Religions in the Twentieth Century. Amersham: Hulton Educational Publications Ltd.

De, Shri Kshitish Candra (1978). The Date of Kurukshetra War. Calcutta: Ratna Prakashan. Distributed by Oxford Book and Stationary Co.

Goswami, H.H. Mukunda and Krishna Dharma Dasa (1993). Article entitled 'Spiritual Solutions to Material Problems' in ISKCON Communications Journal, Vol. 1, No. 2. Edited and published by Saunaka Rishi Dasa.

Goswami, Satsvarupa dasa (1990) Readings in Vedic Literature. Los Angeles: The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust.

ISKCON Governing Body Commission (1992). Back to Godhead magazine, July/ August 1992. Philadelphia: The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust.

Jackson and Killingley (1988). Approaches to Hinduism. London: John Murray.

Jackson and Nesbitt (1990). Listening to Hindus. London: Unwin Hyman Ltd.

Kanitkar, Hemant (1989). Hinduism, part of World Religions series edited by Owen Cole. Cheltenham: Stanley Thornes (Publishers) Ltd.

Knott (1985) Unpublished article entitled 'Problems in the Interpretation of 'Vedic' Literature: The Perennial Battle between the Scholar and the Devotee', presented to 'The Sanskrit Tradition in the Modern World' Seminar, Newcastle University, May 1985.

Lipner, Julius. (1994).Hindus: Their Religious Beliefs and Practices. New York: Routledge.

Lipner (1986) The Face of Truth. Basingstoke: The Macmillan Press.

Nesbitt, Eleanor (1993). Hindu Children in Britain. Stoke-on-Trent: Trentham Books Ltd.

Nye, Malory (1993) Article entitled 'Constructing a Hindu Temple community in Edinburgh'. Published in the Religion Today journal. London: Centre for New Religions, Kings College, London.

Oldfield, Ken (1987). Hindu Gods and Goddesses. Isleworth: Christian Education Movement.

Rasamandala Dasa (1993) ISKCON Communications Journal, Vol. 2, No. 1, Edited and published by Saunaka Rishi Dasa.

Rupavilasa Dasa (1989) The Seventh Goswami. Washington: New Jaipur Press.

Schools Curriculum and Assessment Authority (1994). Model Agreed Syllabuses- Faith Communities' Working Group Reports. London: SCAA.

Shrewsbury Artefacts Project (1992). Article entitled 'Puja' reproduced in RE Today. Derby: Christian Education Movement.

Vida Barnett (1992) Article entitled 'Simulation! To be or not to be, that's the question....' reproduced in RE Today. Derby: Christian Education Movement.

Footnotes  

1. Rasamandala dasa, (1993)
   
    
2. Generally recognised by R.E. specialists in the UK as Buddhism, Christianity, Hinduism, Islam, Judaism and Sikhism.
   
    
3. The educational world can have considerable influence on the general public. See Rasamandala dasa (1993)
   
    
4. ISKCON Governing Body Commission (1992).
   
    
5. Lipner (1994). He writes; 'Members of this movement are debating as whether they should call themselves Hindus. They should note that everyone else regards them as Hindus (Chapter One, Note 28).
   
    
6. Members of ISKCON refer to Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada as such.
   
    
7. See Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada, A.C., (1980). This statement is from the introductory notes to the article, assumed written by the publisher.
   
    
8. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada, A.C. (1982). Canto 8, Chapter 5, Text 23 (purport)
   
    
9. Dr. Lipner related to the author the story of one devotee invited to give a talk on Hinduism to theology students at Cambridge University. He opened the presentation with the statement 'I am not a Hindu'.
   
    
10. For an excellent treatment of this subject, refer to Lipner (1994).
    
     
11. Nesbitt (1993).
    
     
12. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada (1970).
    
     
13. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada (1990)
    
     
14. It would be interesting for devotees to consider whether Sanatana Dharma and Varnashrama Dharma are synonymous. Lipner (1994) quotes a verse from the Bhagavad Gita, Chapter One to suggest that they are. Srila Prabhupada concurs in his purport to the same verse. See Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada, A.C. (1993) Chapter 1, Verse 22.
    
     
15. The same could be said for any religion.
    
     
16. See 'Religion and Religions', by Ravindra Svarupa dasa, ISKCON Communications Journal Vol. 1, No. 1.
    
     
17. Lipner (1986) also has some interesting points on the use of these two words in the preface of his book.
    
     
18. At least according to Gaudiya Vaishnava theology.
    
     
19. Vedanta literally means 'the conclusion of Veda' or 'the essence of all knowledge'. As one of the six philosophical/ theological systems it is also called 'uttara-mimamsa'.
    
     
20. 'Our obeisances are unto you, O servant of Saraswati, who are preaching the message of Lord Chaitanya and delivering the Western world which is full of voidism and impersonalism.' This is one of two standard prayers offered to Srila Prabhupada by members of ISKCON.
    
     
21. Letter to the Los Angeles Times, (1970)
    
     
22. These were discussed in the second volume entitled 'Seekers after Truth' which has connotations connected with the philosophical/ theological question. See Lipner (1986 preface).
    
     
23. Vida Barnett (1992).
    
     
24. Shrewsbury Artefact Project (1992).
    
     
25. Ken Oldfield (1987).
    
     
26. By the theology that amongst all devas (celestial beings) there is one Supreme to whom all others are subservient.
    
     
27. Scholars of Buddhism also tend to have a more of a disposition for the Therevada school rather than the Mahayana schools, perhaps for the same reason.
    
     
28. For further reading consult Harvey Cox's Many Mansions, Chapter 3 entitled 'Christ and Krishna'.
    
     
29. See Lipner (1994) page 304 for an excellent analysis of this.
    
     
30. ISKCON Educational Staff sometimes use the analogy of the Prime Minister and his cabinet. There are many ministers but only one Prime Minister.
    
     
31. Lipner (1986). From the preface.
    
     
32. Nor are all the members of those communities guilty of this!
    
     
33. I've used this expression since it is questionable whether their approach is actually representative of the true Christian ethic.
    
     
34. There is reference in the Ayur-Veda, the Vedic supplementary text dealing with medicine, to the health benefits of drinking a few drops of cow's urine. According to the Vedas both the stool and urine of the cow are considered pure, though not for other animals. This above-mentioned practice is not obligatory, nor widely practised by members of ISKCON.
    
     
35. The elements, including the subtle, are discussed in Sankhya philosophy. Also see Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada, A.C. (1993) Chapter 7, Text 4.
    
     
36. Kanitkar (1989).
    
     
37. Members of those traditions may, of course, have something to say about this.
    
     
38. Vaishnava philosophy is theomorphic. i.e. The Lord possesses the original form of which the human form is a reflection or copy.
    
     
39. According to Vaishnava philosophy, the jiva, soul, must either be engaged in the service of the Lord or subjected to false desires to control and enjoy prakriti, matter.
    
     
40. The philosophy of Chaitanya is Achintya Bhedabheda Tattva -inconceivable simultaneous oneness and difference referring to the relationship between the Lord and the soul and between the Lord and matter.
    
     
41. According to Vedic philosophy religion or bhakti is not simply 'belief' or 'faith' but a system of acquiring knowledge.
    
     
42. Knott (1985).
    
     
43. Although more recent developments in phenomenology suggest that the researcher, whilst temporarily suspending preconceptions and value judgements, should acknowledge and reflect on his or her own subjective responses during research. This is called reflexivity.
    
     
44. Schools Curriculum and Assessment Authority (1994).
    
     
45. For excellent examples of such books see Nesbitt (1993) and Jackson and Nesbitt (1990).
    
     
46. Basham (19??)
    
     
47. The Bhagavad Gita makes reference to categorisation of varna according to guna (one's nature) and karma (one's predisposition towards a particular type of work). It therefore refutes the notion that varna is determined by birth.
    
     
48. See Goswami, Satsvarupa dasa (1990).
    
     
49. Nye, Malory (1993).
    
     
50. See Goswami, Satsvarupa dasa (1990).
    
     
51. Ibid.
    
     
52. Ibid.
    
     
53. Ibid.
    
     
54. Jackson and Killingley (1988).
    
     
55. It would be interesting to explore how much Christian theologies are personal or impersonal according to Gaudiya Vaishnava theology.
    
     
56.  'External' is not used here in the sense of 'material'.
    
     
57. Rupavilasa Dasa (1989).
    
     
58. Lipner (1988).
    
     
59. 23rd April, 1993.
    
     
60. The story goes that a farmer liked the bottom half of his hens (because they produced eggs) and disliked the top half (because they needed feeding). He concluded that it would be profitable to cut all his birds in half.
    
     
61. Also printed in the Gujarat Samachar, 4th June 1993.
    
     
62. Lipner (1994).
    
     
63. Kanitkar (1989).
    
     
64. According to Gaudiya Vaishnava philosophy this is the first step in spiritual understanding without which the student cannot successfully proceed. The whole difference between the Euro-centric and Oriental world views may stem from this difference.
    
     
65. Schools Curriculum and Assessment Authority (1994).
    
     
66. Goswami, Satsvarupa dasa (1990).
    
     
67. Prior to which Krishna spoke the Bhagavad Gita to Arjuna.
    
     
68. De, Shri Kshitish Chandra (1978).
    
     
69. Also astrological evidence mainly from references in the Mahabharata. The key to dating the war rests with calculating what at that time was the degree of the siderial shift which moves in a full circle of 360 degrees approximately every 26,000 years.
    
     
70. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada, A.C. (1982).
    
     
71. 'Casta' meaning breed.
    
     
72. Nesbitt (1993).
    
     
73. Literally 'Children of God'.
    
     
74. Especially with the reform movements.
    
     
75. The reader may note the more positive connotations of this term.
    
     
76. The author has been unable to obtain the reference.
    
     
77. This is interesting with respect to ISKCON, particularly in connection with women's issues and the concept of the 'Vedic' wife.
    
     
78. Cole, W. Owen with Morgan, Peggy (1984).
    
     
79. Krishna and Rama are usually considered the two most popular focuses of worship among Hindus in Britain.
    
     
80. Cox, Harvey (?).
    
     
81. The staff of ISKCON Educational Services make many presentations on the above-mentioned issues mainly under personal, social and moral education.
    
     
82. See Goswami, H.H. Mukunda and Krishna Dharma Dasa (1993). Introductory notes.
    
     
83. ISKCON Communication's Minister.
    
     
84. See Goswami, H.H. Mukunda and Krishna Dharma Dasa (1993). Page 5.
    
     
85. Nye, (1993).
    
     
86. On 16th March 1994 the largest ever gathering of Hindus in Britain protested before parliament over the attempted closure of Bhaktivedanta Manor for public worship.
    
     
87. Basham (1982).

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